About post-traumatic stress DISORDER (PTSD)

Post-traumatic stress disorder is a reaction people sometimes have to very frightening, upsetting or dangerous events, such as a car accident, witnessing a crime, or being abused or injured.

Children and young people may react immediately. They might find it hard to sleep, and have nightmares. They may keep thinking about the event or remembering it over and over again. Concentration can be affected. They often find it hard to relax and become very anxious, clingy and restless. Other reactions in young children include going backwards with toileting or other issues.

A child who is reacting in this way needs lots of reassurance and extra cuddles. A very calm and safe routine can really help, so that unexpected events are kept to a minimum. They may want to draw or talk about the event, which can help, but they may want to try and forget it. It can be difficult if you have also been involved in the event and are having your own reactions, but it is key to try and keep calm. Usually, the child is able to get over these reactions after a few weeks, as life begins to get back to normal.

If the child cannot get over their reaction, or if it starts to get worse, they may be experiencing post-traumatic stress disorder. This can include flashbacks. They may become oversensitive to danger and alert at all times. They may find it hard to do or think about things connected with the event, which can affect their routines and independence. They may also feel depressed, angry and anxious. These sort of reactions usually need professional help.